Most countries develop and implement their DNA testing programs, including databases, through coordinating bodies or other consensus working groups. For instance, the FBI and SWGDAM are responsible for setting standards, for training, and for development for the United States. Similarly, in Europe the ENFSI and EDNAP represent government institutions and coordinate efforts to develop European DNA databases, in part by recommending markers.

Individual countries vary on the STR loci that they use. It is important to remember that different countries developed their technologies at different times and have differing legislative requirements.

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